Pathway
Districts
Edges
Landmark:
Nodes
Imageability =
Integrate
Strengthen
Continuity
Landform
& Nature
Topography
Forn
& Character
Features
(Indigenous)
Natural
Vegetatlon
Architectural
Forms Relating to Landscape
Relations
of Nature to City
Relations
of City to Nature
C1imate
Temperature
Light
Precipitation
Sun
Winds
Micro-Macro
Climates
City
Shape
Radiocentric
Rectilinear
Star
Ring
Linear
Branch
Sheet
- (Articulated Sheet)
Satellite
Constellation
Size
Relates
to Spatial Nature
Density
Relates
to Size and other factors
--#of
people/unit
--#
of houses/unlt
--#
of cars
Built-up
area/open space
Floor
area/unit
Pattern
Relates
to Shape or a smaller scale
Curvilinear
Rectilinear
Cul
de sac
Mixturss
Grain--Fineness
and Coarseness
Texture--Mix
of Fine and Course Elements
Built
up Spaces vs Open Spaces
Space
defined by solids
Shape,
pattern, grain, size, density and texture - a1l basically
solids
Formal
spaces, natural open spaces
Total
space
Islands
and Linear
Enclosed
and Open Space
Linear
Space define movement
Islands
or Bases are stopping p1ace
Natural
Space brings Nature into city (bluffs)
Principle
determinant of urban form
Begin
in non-urban countryside
Imageability
Should
define and help
Not
slash through being divisive or blighting
Hinterland
How
relate to terrain?
Awkward
or artful
Revealing
or disguising
Vistas
--sudden or gradual
Visually
dull or exciting
Blighting
or Beautifying
Approach
Routes
Outlying
routes first intro to city, create first impression
Inform
and conduct viewer
Major
Routes--Internal
Carry
high volume
Help
define city
Create
ties to other routes to other districts
What
effect do they have upon cityscape, districts, buildings
How
can they be improved
How
do they relate to secondary streets
Local
Streets
Stop
& Go streets
Pedestrian
& Vehicular flow
Conflict
Where?
How much? Long waits at crossings?
Open crossing? Grade
specifications?
Can
traffic be relocated
What
is dimensional scale of streets
Series
of parts
Disricts,
Quarters, precincts, sector enclaves
#
varies with magnitude of city
Size
of district determined by natural and manmade phenomena
Some
districts very definable, often around “wallet” issues—Greenwich Village, East Side,
Others may have genenc name—Old Town, Silk Stocking,
Sometimes
have Ethnlc identity--Chinatown,
Or
Cultural meaning--"other side of the tracks,” Haymarket, Skid Row
Two
factors to observe in differentiating distncts
Physical
Form
Visible
Activity
Downtown
vs neighborhood
Complexity
- intramixture of complementary activities -
Things
to look for in analysis
Components
Slze
(Shape, density. texture)
Appearances
Activity
Threats
Relationships
Emergent
Forms (New Town in Town)
Strip
commercial
Anatomy
of Distnct (Diagnosis or Dissection)
Form
Activity
- what is happening; when, where, good or bad
Features
Paths
Centers
Intrusions
Change
Improvements
Activity
Structure of Districts and Nodes
Living - Working - Shopping - Travel - Leisure
Recreatlon
learning
Logic
of location
Symbiosis
and Interrelationships
Density
topography - routes effect
Orientation
of Districts
Logic
of morphology
Reveals
itself by activation, strong sense of orientation
If
logic but little visibility, articulation creates
confusion
Frustration - Anxiety - Lost
Landmarks
provide orientation
Nodes
require orientation
Details
of Distncts
Tell
age, purpose, upkeep, decay
Street
furniture
Buildings
- Trees
Pedestrian
often overlooked
Some
areas require it for maintenance of vitality
Points
to Consider
Quality
of ped spaces
Width
Paving
Condition
Protection
Furnishings
Interruptions
Flow
across interruptions
Visua1
quality
Internal
& External--related to
terrain
Views
into city are an asset
Views
out of city are, too
Skyline
often most important asset—creates identity, reference
Tall
buildings in groups
Effective
Singles
often disruptive
Create
landmark
Night
Lighting
Excitement
dynamics
Visual
Survey of Night Lighting is valuable
Create
part of Image of City
Parades
Ceremonies
Events
History
Visual
symbols of city personality give continuity, 2nd character
Boston—learning
New
York—finance
Miami--leisure
Visual
Survey is mapping project
Combines
Size
Shape
Pattern
Density
& Grain
Visual
Accent
Visual
Activities
Vistas
Borders
& Edges
Portals
Paths
Oases
Continuity
Magnets
& Generators
Feeders
How
Sketches
– Photos--Notes
Maps--Symbols