For a review, look at the first two chapters of the ICMA’s The Practice of Local Government Planning (2000). For a short review, look at http://www.planning.org/pathways/default.htm
An idiosyncratic selection:
18th Century
Northwest Ordinance of 1785
19th Century
Public Health movement (19th Century)
Garden City (Ebenezer Howard, Tomorrow, 1898)
City Beautiful (Daniel Burnham, Columbian Exposition, 1893 in Chicago)
“Make no little plans. They have no fire to stir men’s blood.” Daniel Burnham
Jane Addams founds Hull House (1889)
20th Century
Burnham’s Plan for Chicago & Moody’s Manual (1909)
Robert Moses, “the Great Expediter,” plans
“If the ends don’t justify the means, then what the hell does?” Robert Moses
Neighborhood Unit Principle (Clarence Perry, 1929)
Greenbelt Towns (1930’s)—
New towns (1950’s & 60’s)—
Advocacy Planning (Paul Davidoff)
Sherry Arnstein’s “Ladder of Citizen Participation”
The Urban
General Plan, TJ
Design with Nature, Ian McHarg (1969)
US Housing Acts: Every Act had two major goals; one has always been “to provide decent housing for all”; the other has been:
1949—urban renewal
1954—701 Comprehensive Planning grants
1966—Model Cities
1974—CDBG
1977—UDAG
HUD formed in 1965
A-95 Review (1969)
US Environmental Acts
1969—NEPA
1972—WPCA
1972—Coastal Zone Management Act
1991—ISTEA & T-21
3 concepts of spatial organization
concentric (Burgess, 1925)
sector (Hoyt, 1939)
multiple nuclei (Harris & Ullman, 1945)
Last Updated: 3/12/02
AJF