Values of Planners
Significance of Values
- Rushworth Kidder--"If you know your values, decisions
become easy."
- Kenneth Anhdres (HBR, 1989)--Values of company's
leaders are evident in every strategic decision they make.
- Assumption that, at core, there is commonality no matter the
difference at the margin.
Political Values of Planners (Planning Theory Newsletter,
Summer 1989)
- New Left:
- Ideology--Democracy, Participation, Popular Control,
Egalitarianism, Community
- Role of State--Decentralism, Promotion of needs over
market
- Purpose & Scope of Planning--Encourage paticipation,
Control land & development, Land use based on community &
social need.
- Center:
- Ideology--Paternalism, consensus, "one nation,"
stability, mixed economy
- Role of State--Welfare state, co-ordinate economy,
social harmony, legitimacy, redistribution
- Purpose & Scope of Planning--Maintain balance
between economic/ social/ environmental, negotiation and bargaining
to extract social gains, control design.
- New Right:
- Ideology--Authoritarianism, centralism, market-led
principles, anti-bureaucratic sentiments
- Role of State--Economic minimalism, privatization,
law and order
- Purpose & Scope of Planning--Protect only "best"
environment, infrastructure and image, avoid worst externalities,
eliminate local political and community influence, aid development
process.
Regime Theory
- Urban regimes are the configuration of individuals and institutions
which act on and in a city.
- cf. ELKIN, S.L. (1985) "Twentieth century urban regimes,"
Journal of Urban Affairs: "Urban regimes"
tie together
- land use interests (who want stable alliances with politicians)
- city politicians (who want steady allegience of voters)
- bureaucrats (who want to keep the politicians off their backs)
- Todd Swanstrom (1988)--dominant coalitions, over time, decide
policy and provide vision for the city.
- Clarence Stone (1987, with Sanders): Types of urban regimes--
- corporate regimes (subsidize private development; value economic
development and growth)
- progressive regimes (middle-class and working class neighborhoods;
service oriented)
- caretaker regimes (small business and landowners; rely on
market, minimize taxes)
- bureaucratic regimes (Menahu, 1994--value regulation and bureaucratic
process more than the market)
- democratic regimes (John Rohr--public interest; values of
citizens as embodied in constitution)
Bayley: Attitudes of Public Servants
- Applebee's 3 issues:
- recognition of moral ambiguity
- recognition that context informs decisions
- recognition of paradox
- Qualities of public servant
- optimism
- courage
- fairness tempered by charity
© 1997 A.J.Filipovitch
Revised 15 January 1997