Principles of Design

I. Principles of Design

a. Unity d. Pattern g. Balance

b. Movement e. Rhythm

c. Contrast f. Emphasis

II. Elements of Design

a. Value (Brightness)

b. Color

c. Line

d. Form

e. Shape

f. Space

g. Texture

III. Roger Clemence on Urban Design

a. Color Light & Shadow

b. Texture Water Vegetation

c. Change of Level Edge Markers Arrival

d. Street Furniture

e. Continuity & Change

IV. HR Smith on Urban Design

a. Reasons for Building

i. Shelter

ii. Privacy (& protection)

iii. Variety of activity (& fit with environment)

iv. Identity

b. Determinants of Built Environment

i. Scale

ii. Human needs (both survival & comfort)

iii. Activities within and around

iv. Terrain & natural environment

v. Building materials

vi. Technology

vii. Pathways

viii. “Perceived relative importance” (both intrinsic & in context)

c. Changing the Environment

i. Movement (from place to place)

ii. Adaptation

iii. Addition

iv. Subtraction (demolition)

V. Wm Whyte on Urban Design

a. Suitable space

b. Enclosure

c. Street

d. Scale

e. Nature

i. Water

ii. Sun

iii. Trees & Vegetation

f. Food

g. Performance